Сравнительный анализ развития компьютеров в США и на Украине

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In the 1960s the science-research and assembling base was enlarged. As the result of this measures, all researches connected with creating and putting into the serial production of semi-conductor electronic computing machines were almost finished.

But the situation in Ukraine was complicated, on one hand, with the consequences of the Second World War and, on the other hand, at a certain period Cybernetics and Computer Science were not acknowledged.

In America they paid more attention to the development of computers for civil and later personal use. But in Ukraine the attention was mainly focused on the military and industrial needs.

The natural final stage was buying in enormous quantities of foreign computers last years and pressing to the deep background our domestic researches, and developments, and the computer-building industry on the whole.

Having analyzed the development of computer science in two countries I have found some similar and some distinctive features in the arising of computers.

First of all, I would like to say that at the first stages the two countries rubbed shoulders with each other. But then, at a certain stage the USSR was mistaken having copied the IBM-360 out of date technology.
Estimating the discussion of possible ways of the computer technique development in the former USSR in late 1960s - early 1970s from the today point of view it can be noticed that we have chosen a worse if not the worst one. The only progressive way was to base on our domestic researches and to collaborate with the west-European companies in working out the new generation of machines. Thus we would reach the world level of production, and we would have a real base for the further development together with leading European companies.

Unfortunately the last twenty years may be called the years of
“unrealized possibilities”. Today it is still possible to change the situation; but tomorrow it will be too late.

Will the new times come? Will there be a new renaissance of science, engineering and national economy as it was in the post-war period? Only one thing remains for us - that is to wait, to hope and to do our best to reach the final goal.

bibliography:

1. Б.М.МАЛИНОВСЬКИЙ “ІСТОРія ОБчИСЛЮВАЛЬНОї ТЕХНіКИ В ОСОБАХ”, КИїВ,

1995.

2. Stephen G. Nash “A History of Scientific Computing”, ACM Press

History Series, New York, 1990.

3. Енциклопедія кібернетики, Київ, 1985.

4. The America House Pro-Quest Database: “Byte” Magazine, September,

1995.

5. William Aspray, Charles Babbage Institute Reprint Series in the

History of Computing 7, Los Angeles, 1985.

6. D.J.Frailey “Computer Architecture” in Encyclopedia of Computer

Science.

7. Stan Augarten “Bit by Bit: An Illustrated History of Computers”, New

York, 1984.

8. Michael R. Williams “A History of Computing Technology”, Englewood

Cliffs, New Jersey, 1985.

“Від БЕСМ до супер-ЕОМ. Сторінки історії Інституту ІТМ та ОТ ім.