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The Fifth Framework Programme, adopted on 22nd December 1998, defines the
Community activities in the field of research, technological development and demonstration (hereafter referred to as “RTD”) for the period 1998-
2002.
The Fifth Framework Programme differs from its predecessors. It has been conceived to help solve problems and to respond to major socio-economic challenges facing the European Union. It focuses on a limited number of objectives and areas combining technological, industrial, economic, social and cultural aspects.
Priorities have been chosen according to three basic principles which will apply for all levels: the Framework Programme as a whole, the Specific
Programmes implementing it and the RTD activities covered by those programmes.
European “value added” and the subsidiarity principle, for example, to reach a critical mass or contribute to solving problems of a European dimension,

Social objectives, such as quality of life, employment or protection of the environment in order to meet the expectations and concerns of the Union’s citizens,

3. Economic development and scientific and technological prospects in order to contribute to the harmonious and sustainable development of the

European Union as a whole.

I.2. Structure and contents

The Fifth Framework Programme consists of seven Specific Programmes, of which four are Thematic Programmes and three are Horizontal Programmes.
The Thematic Programmes are :
4. Quality of life and management of living resources
5. User-friendly information society
6. Competitive and sustainable growth
7. Energy, environment and sustainable development.

In line with the provisions set out in the EC Treaty, the widely ranging
Horizontal Programmes underpin and complement these Thematic Programmes.
The Horizontal Programmes are:
8. Confirming the international role of Community research
9. Promotion of innovation and encouragement of participation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
10. Improving human research potential and the socio-economic knowledge base.

One essential new characteristic of the Fifth Framework Programme is the integrated, problem-solving approach. Integration is strengthened at three levels:
> By the key action concept in the Thematic Programmes. Key actions are major innovations of the Fifth Framework Programme. They will enable the many and varied aspects of the economic and social issues to be targeted, by integrating the entire spectrum of activities and disciplines needed to achieve the objectives.
1. By integration between Horizontal and Thematic Programmes objectives.

International co-operation

Participation by entities of third countries and international organisations will be possible in all Programmes in addition to opportunities for participating in the Horizontal Programme “Confirming the international role of Community research”. Conditions for participation, including possible financial arrangements, are specified in section III of this document. Box 1 describes the opportunities for bursaries for young researchers from developing countries.

Innovation and participation of SMEs

Measures encouraging SME participation in RTD activities will be carried out in all Thematic Programmes and the Innovation and SME programme.

Details on SME stimulation measures will be found in a special information brochure devoted to them. In addition, each Thematic

Programme will interface with the Horizontal Programme “Promotion of innovation and encouragement of SME participation” in order to develop awareness and help technology transfer and use of the results of the

Thematic Programme.

Socio-economic and training aspects

Socio-economic research can be funded by both the Thematic Programmes and by the key action on “Improving the socio-economic knowledge base” of the Horizontal Programme “Improving the human research potential and the socio-economic knowledge base”. Socio-economic research is present in the Thematic Programmes as an integral part of the technological research activities. Training opportunities for researchers are assured through the Marie Curie system of fellowships that can be implemented by

Thematic Programmes as well as by other specific training activities in the Human Potential Programme. The fellowships system is described schematically in Box 2.
By integration between Thematic Programmes. Complementary and synergistic interactions will be ensured in implementing the Programmes.

I.3. Implementation

I.3.1. Work Programme

A Work Programme has been drawn up for each Specific Programme, describing the specific activities and the various research areas. The Work Programme will be revised regularly with the assistance of Advisory Groups of independent experts to ensure its continued relevance in the light of evolving needs and developments. Potential proposers should therefore ensure they are consulting the current version of the work programme when planning a proposal. The Work Programme appearing at the Specific Programme
Web site is always the current version.
The Work Programme includes an indicative timetable or “roadmap”, which indicates which parts of the Work Programme will be opened, by calls for proposals, and deadline(s) involved. This provides a means of focusing attention on areas or sub-areas, thereby optimising opportunities for launching collaborative projects and establishing thematic networks.
The Commission will manage the Specific Programmes to ensure that links in thematic content between the programmes are exploited in a synergistic way.
This may occasionally require joint or synchronised calls for proposals.
Where necessary, co-ordination measures such as these will be indicated in the announcement of the calls for proposals, and in the Work Programme.

I.3.2. Types of actions supported

The Community will contribute financially to the RTD[ii] activities, carried out under the Specific Programmes implemented within the Fifth
Framework Programme. The general rules[iii] are as follows:

(a) Shared-cost actions

Research and technological development (R&D) projects[iv] – projects obtaining new knowledge intended to develop or improve products, processes or services and/or to meet the needs of Community policies (financial participation: 50 % of total eligible costs4,[v]).
Demonstration projects4 – projects designed to prove the viability of new technologies offering potential economic advantage but which cannot be commercialised directly (financial participation: 35 % of total eligible costs5).
Combined R&D and demonstration projects4– projects combining the above elements (financial participation: 35 to 50 % of total eligible costs4,5).
Support for access to research infrastructures – (only implemented under
“Improving the human research potential and the socio-economic knowledge base” – IHP Programme) actions enhancing access to research infrastructures for Community researchers. Support will cover maximum of 100 % of the eligible costs necessary for the action.
“SME Co-operative” research projects4 – projects enabling at least three mutually independent SMEs from at least two Member States or one Member
State and an Associated State to jointly commission research carried out by a third party (financial participation: 50 % of total eligible project costs4).
“SME Exploratory” awards – support of 75 % of total eligible costs[vi] for an exploratory phase of a project of up to 12 months (e.g. feasibility studies, validation, partner search).

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